NCT07415187 · Rush University Medical Center
The Impact of Skin Tone on Pulse Oximeter Accuracy
What this study is about
Pulse oximeters are widely used in hospitals to estimate blood oxygen levels using a sensor placed on the skin. Recent studies suggest that pulse oximeter readings may be less accurate in individuals with darker skin tones, which could delay recognition of low oxygen levels.
View original scientific description
Pulse oximeters are widely used in hospitals to estimate blood oxygen levels using a sensor placed on the skin. Recent studies suggest that pulse oximeter readings may be less accurate in individuals with darker skin tones, which could delay recognition of low oxygen levels. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of pulse oximeters across a range of skin tones and to identify factors associated with differences between pulse oximeter readings and oxygen levels measured directly from blood. This is an observational cohort study involving adult patients who are already undergoing an arterial blood gas (ABG) test as part of routine clinical care. The ABG test is not performed for research purposes and is not altered by participation in the study. At the time the ABG sample is obtained, two commercially available pulse oximeters will be temporarily placed on the participant's finger to record oxygen saturation values. These readings will be compared with the oxygen saturation measured from the arterial blood sample. Pulse oximeter measurements collected for the study will not be used for clinical decision-making. Skin tone will be assessed using both self-reported race/ethnicity and an objective, noninvasive skin pigmentation measurement device. This approach allows evaluation of the relationship between skin pigmentation and pulse oximeter accuracy. Participation in the study involves minimal risk. No additional blood samples, medications, or treatments are required. The study does not alter standard medical care. The findings from this study may improve understanding of pulse oximeter performance and help inform future efforts to reduce measurement bias and improve patient safety.
Interventions
OTHER
There is no intervention
There is no intervention
Primary outcome measures
Difference between pulse oximeter oxygen saturation and arterial oxygen saturation
Time frame: At the time of clinically indicated arterial blood gas sampling (single time point)
Who can participate
This study lists these criteria on ClinicalTrials.gov. A study coordinator reviews eligibility during screening — this page does not determine whether you qualify.
Inclusion criteria
- Patients admitted to an intensive care unit, general medicine/surgery wards, or visiting the pulmonary function labs and/or outpatient pulmonary services clinics at Rush University Medical Center
- Patient has an existing order for an arterial blood gas analysis \[arterial line or puncture\]
Exclusion criteria
- Patients with heavy scar tissue on the sensor site
- Patients with hand tremors
- Opaque nail polish that cannot be removed
Where
- Chicago, Illinois
Related conditions & keywords
Frequently asked questions
What is a clinical trial?
A clinical trial is a research study that tests new medical treatments, drugs, devices, or procedures to determine their safety and effectiveness. Trials are carefully designed and monitored to protect participants while advancing medical knowledge.
Is it safe to participate?
Clinical trials follow strict safety guidelines and ethical standards. Trials must be reviewed and approved, and participants are closely monitored by medical professionals throughout the study. You can withdraw at any time if you choose.
Will I be compensated?
Many clinical trials offer compensation for your time, travel expenses, and inconvenience. The specific compensation varies by study and will be discussed during the screening process. All study-related medical care is typically provided at no cost to participants.
Will I receive a placebo instead of treatment?
When effective treatment exists, participants typically receive either the standard treatment plus the study intervention, or the standard treatment plus placebo. You would not be denied effective care. Placebos are primarily used when no proven treatment is available, or in addition to standard care. Your trial consent form will clearly explain what treatments you may receive.
Can I leave a trial if I change my mind?
Absolutely. Participation in clinical trials is completely voluntary. You have the right to withdraw from the study at any time, for any reason, without penalty or loss of benefits to which you are otherwise entitled.
How long does a clinical trial last?
Trial duration varies widely depending on the study design and purpose. Some trials last just a few weeks, while others may continue for months or years. The study coordinator will provide specific timeline information during your screening call.
Data: ClinicalTrials.gov · synced Feb 17, 2026 · Source of record for eligibility and locations