NCT03907046 · Yale University
Anticoagulation in ICH Survivors for Stroke Prevention and Recovery
(ASPIRE)
What this study is about
Primary Aim: To determine if apixaban is superior to aspirin for prevention of the composite outcome of any stroke (hemorrhagic or ischemic) or death from any cause in patients with recent ICH and atrial fibrillation (AF). Secondary Aim: To determine if apixaban, compared with aspirin, results in better functional outcomes as measured by the modified Rankin Scale.
View original scientific description
Primary Aim: To determine if apixaban is superior to aspirin for prevention of the composite outcome of any stroke (hemorrhagic or ischemic) or death from any cause in patients with recent ICH and atrial fibrillation (AF). Secondary Aim: To determine if apixaban, compared with aspirin, results in better functional outcomes as measured by the modified Rankin Scale.
Interventions
DRUG
Apixaban
Apixaban is an oral anticoagulant of the Factor Xa inhibitor class.
DRUG
Aspirin
Aspirin is an oral antiplatelet drug.
Primary outcome measures
Stroke or death
Time frame: Up to 3 years
Incidence of stroke of any type (ischemic or hemorrhagic) or death from any cause
Who can participate
This study lists these criteria on ClinicalTrials.gov. A study coordinator reviews eligibility during screening — this page does not determine whether you qualify.
Inclusion criteria
- Age at least 18 years
- Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) (including primary intraventricular hemorrhage) confirmed by brain CT or MRI
- Can be randomized within 14-180 days after ICH onset
- Non-valvular AF (defined as atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter), documented by electrocardiography or a physician-confirmed history of prior AF
- Provision of signed and dated informed consent form by patient or legally authorized representative
- For females of reproductive potential: use of highly effective contraception
Exclusion criteria
- Index event is hemorrhagic transformation of a brain infarction or hemorrhage into a tumor
- History of earlier ICH within 12 months preceding index event
- Active infective endocarditis
- Clear indication for anticoagulant drugs (e.g., requires anticoagulation for deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) or antiplatelet drugs (e.g., requires aspirin or clopidogrel for recent coronary stent).
- Previous or planned left atrial app
Where
- Birmingham, Alabama
- Mobile, Alabama
- Chandler, Arizona
- Phoenix, Arizona
- Tucson, Arizona
- Little Rock, Arkansas
- Carmichael, California
- Castro Valley, California
- Colton, California
- Downey, California
- Fontana, California
- Fresno, California
And 132 more locations — see the full list below.
Collaborators
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Related conditions & keywords
Frequently asked questions
What is a clinical trial?
A clinical trial is a research study that tests new medical treatments, drugs, devices, or procedures to determine their safety and effectiveness. Trials are carefully designed and monitored to protect participants while advancing medical knowledge.
Is it safe to participate?
Clinical trials follow strict safety guidelines and ethical standards. Trials must be reviewed and approved, and participants are closely monitored by medical professionals throughout the study. You can withdraw at any time if you choose.
Will I be compensated?
Many clinical trials offer compensation for your time, travel expenses, and inconvenience. The specific compensation varies by study and will be discussed during the screening process. All study-related medical care is typically provided at no cost to participants.
Will I receive a placebo instead of treatment?
When effective treatment exists, participants typically receive either the standard treatment plus the study intervention, or the standard treatment plus placebo. You would not be denied effective care. Placebos are primarily used when no proven treatment is available, or in addition to standard care. Your trial consent form will clearly explain what treatments you may receive.
Can I leave a trial if I change my mind?
Absolutely. Participation in clinical trials is completely voluntary. You have the right to withdraw from the study at any time, for any reason, without penalty or loss of benefits to which you are otherwise entitled.
How long does a clinical trial last?
Trial duration varies widely depending on the study design and purpose. Some trials last just a few weeks, while others may continue for months or years. The study coordinator will provide specific timeline information during your screening call.
Data: ClinicalTrials.gov · synced May 8, 2026 · Source of record for eligibility and locations