Screen2Prevent (S2P)

OTHER

HIV screening strategies

The intervention includes three screening strategies (targeted, universally offered opt-in, and universally offered opt-out) which will each be employed, one at a time, for a period of 8 months. A targeted screening approach is defined as screening those who are at increased likelihood for acquiring HIV. Alternatively, a universally offered screening approach is defined as screening all, regardless of behavior informing risk. There are two types of universally offered screening, opt-in and opt-out. With opt-in screening, all patients are offered screening, which they may then agree to undergo. Opt-out screening consists of notifying patients that the test will be conducted unless they explicitly decline. Each screening strategy implements the cSHS, a text messaging platform, and Clinical Decision Support for identification of youth needing HIV treatment/prevention and linkage to services.

Monthly HIV detection rates per 1,000 eligible patients

Time frame: 36 months

Compare the rate of HIV detection between each screening strategy (targeted, universal opt-in, universal opt-out) to baseline using the all patients analysis set.

Rapid PrEP/ART initiation (defined by prescription within 72 hours of ED discharge)

Time frame: 36 months

Compare the rates of rapid start of PrEP/ART, defined as PrEP/ART prescription within 72 hours of ED discharge, between adolescents and young adults who visit the ED prior to implementation of cSHS and those who visit after implementation of cSHS using the all patients analysis set.

What is a clinical trial?

A clinical trial is a research study that tests new medical treatments, drugs, devices, or procedures to determine their safety and effectiveness. Trials are carefully designed and monitored to protect participants while advancing medical knowledge.

Is it safe to participate?

Clinical trials follow strict safety guidelines and ethical standards. Trials must be reviewed and approved, and participants are closely monitored by medical professionals throughout the study. You can withdraw at any time if you choose.

Will I be compensated?

Many clinical trials offer compensation for your time, travel expenses, and inconvenience. The specific compensation varies by study and will be discussed during the screening process. All study-related medical care is typically provided at no cost to participants.

Will I receive a placebo instead of treatment?

When effective treatment exists, participants typically receive either the standard treatment plus the study intervention, or the standard treatment plus placebo. You would not be denied effective care. Placebos are primarily used when no proven treatment is available, or in addition to standard care. Your trial consent form will clearly explain what treatments you may receive.

Can I leave a trial if I change my mind?

Absolutely. Participation in clinical trials is completely voluntary. You have the right to withdraw from the study at any time, for any reason, without penalty or loss of benefits to which you are otherwise entitled.

How long does a clinical trial last?

Trial duration varies widely depending on the study design and purpose. Some trials last just a few weeks, while others may continue for months or years. The study coordinator will provide specific timeline information during your screening call.