NCT06023225 · Washington University School of Medicine
Sex Hormones, Postoperative Pain and Opioid Use
(SPO)
What this study is about
Aim 1- To identify relationships between sex hormone levels and postoperative pain and opioid use. Aim 2: To determine whether the effects of testosterone on postoperative pain and opioid use are mediated by immune factors
View original scientific description
Aim 1- To identify relationships between sex hormone levels and postoperative pain and opioid use.
Interventions
BEHAVIORAL
Pain
Postoperative pain levels
BEHAVIORAL
Opioid use
Postoperative opioid use
Primary outcome measures
Sex hormone level of Testosterone
Time frame: Baseline
Sex hormone level of estrogen
Time frame: Baseline
Sex hormone level of progesterone
Time frame: Baseline
Levels of IL-10 and IL-6
Time frame: Baseline
Immune factors
Who can participate
This study lists these criteria on ClinicalTrials.gov. A study coordinator reviews eligibility during screening — this page does not determine whether you qualify.
Inclusion criteria
- Pediatric female patients between the ages 11-16 undergoing an orthopedic (trauma and non-trauma) surgical procedure involving a long bone or joint, or the spine, English speaking
Exclusion criteria
- Pregnancy; Diagnosis of chronic pain, Psychiatric, developmental or neurological disorders, Disorders that are associated with pubertal maturation (e.g., precocious puberty).
Where
- St Louis, Missouri
Related conditions & keywords
Frequently asked questions
What is a clinical trial?
A clinical trial is a research study that tests new medical treatments, drugs, devices, or procedures to determine their safety and effectiveness. Trials are carefully designed and monitored to protect participants while advancing medical knowledge.
Is it safe to participate?
Clinical trials follow strict safety guidelines and ethical standards. Trials must be reviewed and approved, and participants are closely monitored by medical professionals throughout the study. You can withdraw at any time if you choose.
Will I be compensated?
Many clinical trials offer compensation for your time, travel expenses, and inconvenience. The specific compensation varies by study and will be discussed during the screening process. All study-related medical care is typically provided at no cost to participants.
Will I receive a placebo instead of treatment?
When effective treatment exists, participants typically receive either the standard treatment plus the study intervention, or the standard treatment plus placebo. You would not be denied effective care. Placebos are primarily used when no proven treatment is available, or in addition to standard care. Your trial consent form will clearly explain what treatments you may receive.
Can I leave a trial if I change my mind?
Absolutely. Participation in clinical trials is completely voluntary. You have the right to withdraw from the study at any time, for any reason, without penalty or loss of benefits to which you are otherwise entitled.
How long does a clinical trial last?
Trial duration varies widely depending on the study design and purpose. Some trials last just a few weeks, while others may continue for months or years. The study coordinator will provide specific timeline information during your screening call.
Data: ClinicalTrials.gov · synced Jul 13, 2026 · Source of record for eligibility and locations