NCT06594068 · AstraZeneca
Prospective Registry Investigating Maternal, Infant, and Lactation Outcomes in Anifrolumab Users
(PRIMULA Lac)
What this study is about
forward-looking Registry Investigating Maternal, Infant, and Lactation Outcomes in Anifrolumab Users (PRIMULA Lac) is a Post Marketing Requirements (PMR) study designed to fulfill the FDA post-marketing requirements.
View original scientific description
Prospective Registry Investigating Maternal, Infant, and Lactation Outcomes in Anifrolumab Users (PRIMULA Lac) is a Post Marketing Requirements (PMR) study designed to fulfill the FDA post-marketing requirements. The study will collect data about the presence of anifrolumab in human breast milk and serum (maternal and infant) among lactating individuals who are receiving anifrolumab therapeutically via intravenous (IV) or subcutaneous (SC) administration and evaluate exposure and effects on the breastfed infant.
Interventions
DRUG
Anifrolumab
Anifrolumab is a human monoclonal antibody that binds to subunit 1 of the type 1 interferon receptor, which was developed based on the evidence supporting the role of type 1 interferon pathway in SLE (Furie et al., 2017). Clinical trial evidence from TULIP 1, TULIP 2 have showed that monthly intravenous administration of anifrolumab led to a higher percentage of patients with a response, assessed with the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group-based Composite Lupus Assessment, compared with patients receiving placebo (Furie et al., 2019; Morand et al., 2020). The phase II MUSE study showed that administration of anifrolumab resulted in substantially reduced disease activity, measured by the SLE Responder Index, compared to patients receiving placebo (Furie et al., 2017). These data resulted with applications to the FDA and the EMA, leading to approvals in July 2021 and February 2022, for the treatment of adult patients with moderate to severe SLE who are receiving standard therapy.
Primary outcome measures
Area under the milk concentration-time curve during a dosing interval
Time frame: Approximately 30 days
Area under the milk concentration-time curve during a dosing interval is a component used to assess pharmacokinetic (PK) of anifrolumab in milk of lactating individuals. Milk PK parameters of anifrolumab will be derived using non-compartmental analysis methods and will be determined using the concentration-time data for all evaluable participants included in the PK population
Area under the milk concentration-time curve from time 0 to last quantifiable concentration
Time frame: Approximately 30 days
Area under the milk concentration-time curve from time 0 to last quantifiable concentration is a component used to assess PK of anifrolumab in milk of lactating individuals. Milk PK parameters of anifrolumab will be derived using non-compartmental analysis methods and will be determined using the concentration-time data for all evaluable participants included in the PK population
Average milk concentration at steady state
Time frame: Approximately 30 days
Average milk concentration at steady state is a component used to assess PK of anifrolumab in milk of lactating individuals. It will be calculated dividing "Area under the milk concentration-time curve during a dosing interval" by the dosing interval for anifrolumab
Observed milk concentration at end of dosing interval
Time frame: Approximately 30 days
Observed milk concentration at end of dosing interval is a component used to assess PK of anifrolumab in milk of lactating individuals. Milk PK parameters of anifrolumab will be derived using non-compartmental analysis methods and will be determined using data for all evaluable participants included in the PK population
Maximum observed milk concentration
Time frame: Approximately 30 days
Maximum observed milk concentration is a component used to assess PK of anifrolumab in milk of lactating individuals. Milk PK parameters of anifrolumab will be derived using non-compartmental analysis methods and will be determined using data for all evaluable participants included in the PK population
Time of maximum concentration
Time frame: Approximately 30 days
Time of maximum concentration is a component used to assess PK of anifrolumab in milk of lactating individuals. Milk PK parameters of anifrolumab will be derived using non-compartmental analysis methods and will be determined using data for all evaluable participants included in the PK population
Who can participate
This study lists these criteria on ClinicalTrials.gov. A study coordinator reviews eligibility during screening — this page does not determine whether you qualify.
Inclusion criteria
- 18 years or older
- Signed informed consent to participate
- Diagnosis of moderate/severe SLE
- Ongoing treatment with anifrolumab
- Has reached or will reach steady state (\~85 days postpartum, equivalent to at least 3 consecutive previous IV doses or at least 12 previous SC doses during the post-partum period) with anifrolumab by the time of study Day 1 (pre-dose milk collection)
- Established lactation in the index post-partum period (breastfeeding or pumping for at least 4 weeks at time of Day 1 visit to ensure mature milk production)
- Willing to breastfeed or pump regularly during the study period to maintain milk supply and exclusively pump breast milk for the 24-hour period of breast milk collection on Day 1 post IV dose
- Plans to continue feeding infant breast milk at least throughout the duration of the study and is not weaning
- Must be exclusively breast milk-feeding their infant (or if not exclusively breast milk-feeding, not providing more than 1 supplemental bottle of formula per day) at the time of enrollment and throughout the study period
- Agrees to use only lanolin nipple cream during the sampling period Infant:
- Gestational age at delivery ≥32 weeks
- Birthweight \> 10th percentile
- Weight \> 10th percentile at the time of enrollment
Exclusion criteria
- Received any investigational compound or approved biologic or biosimilar within 30 days or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) prior to enrollment in the study
- Diagnosis of lupus nephritis in the last 12 months
- History of breast implants, breast augmentation, or breast reduction surgery that significantly impacts breastfeeding or collection of milk from 1 or both breasts
- History of malignancy in the last 10 years
- History of mastectomy
- Evidence of mastitis or any other significant active infection at Day 1 (pre-dose) Infant: 1\. Any abnormality noted or clinically significant medical condition, including cardiac, pulmonary, and liver disease, glucose instability, or active infection at the time of screening that, in the opinion of the investigator, may make implementation of the protocol or interpretation of the trial difficult or would put the infant participant at risk by participating in the study
Where
- Las Vegas, Nevada
Collaborators
PPD Development, LP
Related conditions & keywords
Frequently asked questions
What is a clinical trial?
A clinical trial is a research study that tests new medical treatments, drugs, devices, or procedures to determine their safety and effectiveness. Trials are carefully designed and monitored to protect participants while advancing medical knowledge.
Is it safe to participate?
Clinical trials follow strict safety guidelines and ethical standards. Trials must be reviewed and approved, and participants are closely monitored by medical professionals throughout the study. You can withdraw at any time if you choose.
Will I be compensated?
Many clinical trials offer compensation for your time, travel expenses, and inconvenience. The specific compensation varies by study and will be discussed during the screening process. All study-related medical care is typically provided at no cost to participants.
Will I receive a placebo instead of treatment?
When effective treatment exists, participants typically receive either the standard treatment plus the study intervention, or the standard treatment plus placebo. You would not be denied effective care. Placebos are primarily used when no proven treatment is available, or in addition to standard care. Your trial consent form will clearly explain what treatments you may receive.
Can I leave a trial if I change my mind?
Absolutely. Participation in clinical trials is completely voluntary. You have the right to withdraw from the study at any time, for any reason, without penalty or loss of benefits to which you are otherwise entitled.
How long does a clinical trial last?
Trial duration varies widely depending on the study design and purpose. Some trials last just a few weeks, while others may continue for months or years. The study coordinator will provide specific timeline information during your screening call.
Data: ClinicalTrials.gov · synced Jun 26, 2026 · Source of record for eligibility and locations